{"id":181,"date":"2022-11-24T13:16:50","date_gmt":"2022-11-24T13:16:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/universal-terror\/"},"modified":"2023-01-20T01:38:02","modified_gmt":"2023-01-20T01:38:02","slug":"universal-terror","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/en\/universal-terror\/","title":{"rendered":"Universal terror"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">IN THE SHARED<br>LAND<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">Pre-war Poland was home to many nationalities. All of its citizens were equal in the eyes of the law and&nbsp;enjoyed the same rights as&nbsp;citizens. The fact that Poles had lived for centuries in peace with the Jews only further condemned them with the Germans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"1138\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1544 \/ 1138;\" width=\"1544\" muted src=\"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wykres1_hires_EN.mp4\" playsinline><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Polish citizens by denomination (1931)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"1134\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1542 \/ 1134;\" width=\"1542\" muted src=\"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wykres2_hires_EN.mp4\" playsinline><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Polish citizens by native language (1931)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center is-style-small wp-block-paragraph\">Polish citizens by denomination and native language (1931)<br>Source: <em>The Second Census, dated 9 December 1931.<br>Living premises and households. Population,<\/em><br>Warsaw 1938.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">LESS THEN ENOUGH<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">The discriminative nature of the food rations shows the racist attitudes of the Germans towards the so-called \u201cnon-Aryan\u201d population of occupied Poland. For Poles, these amounts were only enough to cover 30% of their necessary daily food intake, for&nbsp;Jews, this barely amounted to 10%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"232\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1450 \/ 232;\" width=\"1450\" muted src=\"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wykres3_hires_EN.mp4\" playsinline><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center is-style-small wp-block-paragraph\">The calorific value of food rations<br>in occupied Warsaw in 1941<br>Source: <em>T. Szarota, Okupowanej Warszawy dzie\u0144 powszedni<\/em><br>[Day-to-day in Occupied Warsaw], Warszawa 2010, p. 180.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">POLES AND JEWS &#8211; VICTIMS OF THE THIRD REICH<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">More than 5.5 million citizens of the Second Polish Republic were killed during the&nbsp;German occupation. Nearly 3 million of 3.5 million Jews lost their lives in the Holocaust. Poles were also treated as \u201csub-humans\u201d; the German terror affected almost every Polish family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"152\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 936 \/ 152;\" width=\"936\" muted src=\"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wykres4_hires_EN.mp4\" playsinline><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center is-style-small wider wp-block-paragraph\">Estimated number of victims in regions occupied by the Third Reich<br>Source: <em>Polska 1939\u20131945. Straty osobowe i&nbsp;ofiary represji<br>pod dwiema okupacjami<\/em> [Poland 1939\u20131945. Personnel losses and victims of repression under two occupations], ed. M. Materski, T.&nbsp;Szarota, Warszawa 2009, p. 9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">LOST GENERATIONS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">World War II was a&nbsp;demographic catastrophe for Poland. Pre-war forecasts had predicted Poland\u2018s population<br>to surpass 38 mln people in 1946; after the war, barely 24&nbsp;mln people still lived in the country the borders of which had been drastically altered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"804\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1970 \/ 804;\" width=\"1970\" muted src=\"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wykres5_hires_EN.mp4\" playsinline><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"530\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1560 \/ 530;\" width=\"1560\" muted src=\"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/wykres6_hires_EN.mp4\" playsinline><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center is-style-small wider wp-block-paragraph\">Forecasted vs. actual population of Poland on 1 January 1946<br>Source: <em>Polska 1939\u20131945. Straty osobowe i&nbsp;ofiary represji pod dwiema okupacjami<\/em> [Poland 1939\u20131945. Personnel losses and victims of repression<br>under two occupations], ed. M. Materski, T. Szarota, Warszawa 2009, p. 40.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IN THE SHAREDLAND Pre-war Poland was home to many nationalities. All of its citizens were equal in the eyes of the law and&nbsp;enjoyed the same rights as&nbsp;citizens. The fact that Poles had lived for centuries in peace with the Jews only further condemned them with the Germans. Polish citizens by denomination (1931) Polish citizens by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/terror.php","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-181","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=181"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1677,"href":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/181\/revisions\/1677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wystawazpi.instytutpileckiego.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}